Despite significant danger, miners received little compensation for injuries. An experienced miner would often work calmly under conditions that would terrify a novice, wrote a veteran of the bituminous mines. Shows the standard wages for different shift at ports in Antwerp, Belgium. Source: BLS, Shows the average wages for an 8 hour work day in Riga within various industry groups. Prices are shown in Mexican pesos. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of manual work occupations in Barcelona, Spain. Article compares the cost of renting versus buying a home in 1928. Dollars. White familiesspent an average $103.71/yearon medical care around 1928-1931. There was little prospect then that coal would be in demand as it is today or that the daily wage of miners would be multiplied 8 to 10 times by 1974. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. Shows monthly wages based on the ocean routes traveled: San Francisco to points west, and New York City to points south and east. Wages are based on the average weekly full-time positions from large cities. BookTok is Good, Actually: On the Undersung Joys of a Vast and Multifarious Platform, Seven Crime Novels Centered Around Musicians Out in 2023, Arlington Road: The Conspiracy Thriller That Foresaw the Spread of Far-Right Extremism in America, If you want to laugh, watch this Mitchell and Webb sketch about inviting Shaggy and Scooby Doo to a party, Uncrackable: 5 Films Featuring Devilishly Difficult Heists. Under these terms, a hard worker could earn $2.00 for ten to twelve hours of labor, if the work was steady. Religious organizations -Salaries, 1929in. Dining room: Source: Lists prices of typical food items, housing expenses, clothing, fuel, light and more. Lists single-unit prices for barbital, benzoyl peroxide, benzocaine, aspirin, quinoline, and more, showing proprietary and coined drug names. Engineers used anemometers to measure airflow within mines. Shows dollar amount and % of total budget spent on various categories of goods and services, broken out by urban/rural families. Tax covers both land and buildings. Mentions the wages paid to both skilled and unskilled workers in francs. Source: U.S. Bureau of Education. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. The pit closures the miners had fought so hard to prevent began in earnest. After a temporary escape to attend grammar school, it was the world he reentered in 1900 as an eighteen-year-old man willing and able to load coal for a miners pay. Figures expressed in both foreign currency and in dollars. Government Documents Department, Ellis Library 8836. Wages are shown in both US and English currency. Scroll forward and back to see the various cities for which average food prices are available. Source: Shows lawyers' incomes instates and regions, by size of community served, by the age of the lawyer, number of years in practice, etc. Source: Includes district-specific information and the average output of coal per person per shift. This bibliography lists reports that show income, budgets, consumer expenditures, etc. In 1923, there were about 883,000 coal miners; today there are about 53,000. Source: page 13 in. Keep your hand upon the dollar, This answer is: Study guides. Postal Service. Shows the weekly wages of various occupations in Swiss farming as well as the daily wages of day laborers. Source: BLS. how much did coal miners get paid in the 1950s. Source: Lists costs of running a farm, including costs of power, labor, insurance, interest on loans, etc. Source: For each college, this table shows tuition for residents and non-residents by course of study. It provided a $1.20-a- day wage increase effective Jan, and an increase of 80 cents a day beginning April 1, 1959. FromTHE DEVIL HERE IN THESE HILLS(Atlantic Monthly Press), now out in paperback. Source: BLS, Shows the average price of foodstuffs and other common goods in the federal district of Mexico. This is a New Zealand government document. Source: BLS. Provides foreign wage data in native currency alongside the U.S. dollar equivalent to assist in comparing the rates. Others opened large wooden doors just before speeding cars passed through. Source: The tables show pay for employees engaged in the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, car bodies and parts. Pianos, violins, guitars & banjos, accordions, other musical instruments. A man sometimes had to get down on his hands and knees, with his left shoulder, well padded, against the car, bracing himself with his toes against the ties and the dirt of the floor, wrote a former miner, while his partner controlled the brakes to keep the car from rolling back on the pusher if he slipped or grew tired. Back injuries, broken legs, and severed feet and fingers were common. Police department personnel salaries and wages. $15 - $30. Work clothes, work shirts, dress shirts, dress pants, trousers, vests, suits, dress gloves, overcoats, winter coats, fur caps and collars, neck ties, belts and suspenders, caps and hats, nightwear, socks, shoes, boots, pocket knives, pocket watches, toupes, razors, smoking pipes. 365-372. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, March 1932, The "Service Industries" chapter in this source breaks out wages paid to workers in hospitals, hotels, bowling alleys, theaters, parks, churches, country clubs, athletic clubs and yacht clubs, advertising agencies, banks, laundries, schools/colleges, and restaurants (making no distinction between waiters, cooks or bus boys). In 1984 there were 174 deep coal mines in the UK by 1994 - the year the industry was finally privatized - there were just 15 left. First, the men had topush an empty coal car up wooden rails that they had installed on their own time. The Miners' Strike of 1984 was a turning point in British history. Wages on pages34-40. Shows the average weekly wages of various occupations in 8 different industries in Budapest. Coal mine owners and superintendents rarely went underground. West Virginias mine safety laws were the weakest in the nation. Shows wages by occupation grouped by industries, with breakouts for males and females. Shows mining wages in Alabama, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Wages are shown in both German marks and contemporary U.S. dollars. Management's steam whistle now set the times. Shows data for Washington DC, Los Angeles, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroitand otheradditional cities on pages5-9. Wages of pattern makers, molders, drill press operators, lathe hands, machinists and more. Wage rates by occupation in foreign countries (sometimes just to a certain city in the foreign country), assembled for easy comparison to U.S. wage rates for the same occupations. Source: BLS. Compares average retail prices for "warehoused" name brand grocery items at independent and chain stores in Cincinnati. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. Infant's: Shows the average weekly wages for a variety of occupations and industries in New Zealand. Since money wage rates of foreign countries have little meaning for economists in America, only the real wage rates are given.", Shows the average hourly and weekly wages of various occupations for both skilled and unskilled laborers. Shows salaries for teachers ofkindergarten, elementary school, junior high, high school, vocational school, college, and normal schools (teacher training academies). See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. Links to government documents and primary sources listing retail prices for products and services, as well as wages for common occupations. Tables are broken down by type of job, gender of employee, and geography. Provides detailed breakouts by occupation. Details the price of various building materials on pp. Some occupations covered include telephone operators, waitresses, hotel maids, chambermaids, elevator girls, laundry workers, retail clerks, and factory workers in the wood working industry. Few words meant more to mine workers than manliness, a quality that connoted dignity, respectability, defiant egalitarianism, and patriarchal male supremacy, in the words of historian David Montgomery. Table 679 of this 1923 USDA Yearbook tells how much U.S. farmers paid for farm tools and implements, work gloves, shirts and shoes, shotguns, tobacco, wagons, building materials such as nails and shingles, and household items such as dishes and fruit jars, washtubs and buckets in 1909, 1914-1922. Retail prices for brick, cement, lumber of various kinds, window glass, shingles, nails and more. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. "A good hotel room costs only $4-5 per day while a hospital charges $6 and $7." Phone (573) 882-0748. Source: BLS. About half of the surveyed penal institutions gave prisoners some compensation, based on its use as incentive toward good work and better behavior, and to provide the convict with a small way to provide for his family. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs spurred a population boom in the region, which stretches from western New York state to Alabama. He also absorbed the habits and traditions that gave pick and shovel miners a remarkable degree of freedom. The 1920 Montgomery Ward mail order catalog showed the price of. Includes the states of RI, NJ, OH, DE, OK, MO, GA, TN, AR, KY, SC, AL and MS. As the men removed one pillar after another, the wooden posts used to support the mine top would be strained as the roof started getting heavy. The wood would then creak and groan and then splinter as the miners heard the roof working above their heads and planned their retreat accordingly. Source: BLS, Shows the annual earnings of manual and nonmanual workers in Sweden. "The sum of $4,000 will buy only a very modest home and even then it will have to be in one of the smaller citiesor in a remote suburb of a large city." NOTE: Forhouseholdincome data for 1929, we recommend a1934 Brookings Institution report titled America's Capacity to Consume. The laborer's work is often made difficult by the water and rock which are found' in large quantities in coal veins. Source: Monthly price list for Ralph's Grocery Company, which sold only in the Los Angeles area. Prices are shown in either contemporary US dollars or Chinese coppers. Coal operators often provided services like company stores. Source: U.S. Federal Trade Commission report. "75 Years of American Finance: A Graphic Presentation 1861-1935" Wages shown in litas, and US dollars in parentheses. Source: Historical chart shows salaries of members of the U.S. Congress, along with dates of enactment and statutory authority for each pay increase. Coal diggers gave up some of their hard-earned pay to aid fellow miners when they were sick or injured, and when a mine exploded, they risked their lives to rescue the survivors trapped inside. These figures are shown by occupation, sex, and region. Montgomery Ward catalog shows prices of radios and radio supplies on 60+ pages. After they loaded coal from the fallen pillars, the colliers and their helpers pushed their cars out into the main entry as fast as possible before sections of the roof collapsed. But to those who suffered alone in silence, the chorus offered hope and strength: Union miners, stand together! Use "search in this text" feature to navigate (or contact us for assistance). A Latvian immigrant and devout member of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Old Believers, Michael Simon wore this cross as he labored in Pennsylvania coal mines. Shows average value per acre for all real estate with buildings, and the value of land alone, by county, for six states: MA, CT, RI , ME, VT and NH. Wages shows in 1930 US dollars. Wages of certain women in the District of Columbia. Managers liked immigrants because they worked for low wages. Shows family expenditures by category. 467. At the far end of the room, the miner lay down on his side and cut under the bottom of the coal face with his pick, inching his way into the cut and hoping the coal was hard enough not to collapse on him. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. by OCCUPATION Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Madrid, Spain. Shows prices by month and year. Beds and mattresses, bedroom furniture, pillows, bedding. Green miners like Frank Keeney also learned that surviving underground required men to depend upon each other and to honor the wisdom of the most experienced men. Workers focused on the pace of work, safety, and wages. This risk increased enormously when inexperienced miners failed to undercut the coal before blasting and took the risk of shooting on the solid.. Published by the National Industrial Conference Board. Source: U.S. BLS. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, July 1930. Every workday a panel of miners, ranging from fourteen to twenty-eight men, passed through a main entry and then turneddown a side entry. Average earnings by occupation and districts. Lists wages paid to auto mechanics, office workers, window cleaners, barbers and hairdressers, bartenders in saloons, domestic servants, people working in social agencies, and more. Coal companies also recruited in Europe. Regardless of what their state government might or might not do to protect them, the miners of West Virginia had to rely on themselves and their buddies, rather than on company fire bosses and state mine inspectors, whose numbers were few and whose visits were infrequent. Wages are shown in Japanese yen. Wages are shown in French francs. Source: AAUP report. Shows wage rates for engineers, conductors, passenger baggage men, coal passers, firemen, switch tenders, hostlers, signalmen, station agents, telegraphers, machinists, car cleaners, and more. This Farmers' Bulletin, Cost of Using Horses on Corn-Belt Farms, goes into great detail about the costs of keeping work horses, including a. Occupations included are limited before 1916. Source: BLS, Shows wages of various industrial and agricultural gender, in both Romanian leu and contemporary U.S. dollars. Boys younger than 12 often worked beside their fathers underground because, in many communities, it was the only paying job available. Compares wage rates and hours of work for the WWI and WWII eras, focusing specifically on the manufacturing, mining, railroad, printing and maritime industries, as well as farm labor wages. Chain store prices for a pack of Lucky Strike, Chesterfield, Camel, Old Gold or Piedmont. Wages shown in 1931 US dollars. 412. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (June 1931), Shows the average hours and daily wages of various workers in quarries, sawmills, and many other industries throughout Virginia. Compares 1927 and 1913 earnings. The union was very important to miners. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages for various occupations in 6 different industries in Japan. April 26, 1942. Table shows average 1929 and 1931 weekly wages of full-time store employees, managers, and supervisors by kind and size of chain and location. Most trapper boys learned how to overcome their fears by watching and listening to the colliers who went underground with them. Recognizable name brand items in the price lists include Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Quaker Oats, Cream of Wheat, Hershey's Cocoa, Aunt Jemima Pancake Flour, Mazola Oil, Wesson Oil, Coleman's Mustard, Post Toasties, Morton's Salt, Knox Gelatin, Sun Maid Raisins, Palmolive soap, Log Cabin syrup, Del Monte canned goods, Heinz ketchup, Gold Medal flour, Carnation Milk, Life Savers candy, Bon Ami scouring powder, Lucky Strike cigarettes, Camel cigarettes, Scott Tissue toilet paper, and many other brand name items. Shows forty pages of incomedata with numerous breakouts. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. Believed to be the worst coal mine disaster ever, an explosion at the Bnxh mine in Liaoning province killed 1,549 people in 1942. Some stopped the cars by jamming pieces of wood into the spokes. One threat the animals and birds could detect was the odor of gas that oozed from the ancient vegetation compacted over the ages. Source: This source is entirely about compensation of state and local government employees in New York. Boy's: Kanawha County coal seams were relatively thick, so men could often stand or just bend slightly, but some coal cutters had to work bent over all day in low coal. After sorting out the slate fragments and loading the car, the miner attached his brass check to the side of the car and pushed it out into the main tunnel, where mules or a small locomotive pulled the load out of the mine to the weigh station and then to the tipple, where the coal would be prepared and funneled into railroad cars.